Journal of
eISSN: 2475-5540
Submit manuscript...
Opinion Volume 10 Issue 1
The sea star adaptative immunity: a new reply to evolutionnary immunologists: Part II
Michel Leclerc
Immunology of Invertebrates, Orléans University, France
Correspondence: Michel Leclerc, Immunology of Invertebrates, Div: Biochem/Biology, Orléans University, 556 rue Isabelle Romée, 45640 Sandillon, France
Received: June 30, 2025 | Published: July 17, 2025
Citation: Leclerc M. The sea star adaptative immunity: a new reply to evolutionnary immunologists: Part II. J Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025;10(1):145. DOI: 10.15406/jsrt.2025.10.00196
Abstract
In the past, we have described immune specific reactions in the sea stars: Asterina gibbosa and Asterias rubens. They occured after immunizations with HRP (Horse-Radish Peroxydase) and for others with the hapten: TNP. We spoke later of the nanobody anti-HRP and second of the nanobody anti-TNP because of the weak molecular weight. It correspond to adaptative immunity in the sea stars as models of study.
Keywords: sea star immune system, adaptative immunity, anti-HRP specific protein, IPA
Introduction
We have been the first in our laboratory to inject an antigen to an Invertebrate: the sea star. In all cases we introduce 100µg /ml of antigenic protein: (100 µl finally were injected in the sea star coelomic cavity. We repeat this protocol twice, three times, to obtain a good stimulation. Results, at the beginning were observed by immunocytochemical reactions,1 secondly after isolation and purification os the « antibody ».2,3 After the year 2011, we worked on the anti-HRP recombinant protein and its specificity.4
We speak now of the IPA (invertebrate primitive antibody) after all these considerations.
Results
The first data shows a photograph of the anti-HRP specific immune response which is positive when compared to injected animals with BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) in TEM in the sea star Asterina gibbosa.
Figure 1 & 2 represents the diagram of specificity in Elisa of the recombinant anti-HRP protein.
Figure 1 Specificity in Elisa of the recombinant anti-HRP protein.
Figure 2 ELISA proteine of interest coupled with proteine L (ppl) or streptavidine (Strep) conjugated to HRP.
Acknowledgments
None.
Conflicts of interest
The author declares that there is no conflicts of interest.
References
- Leclerc M. Thesis of doctorate sciences. The axial organ and its relationships with sexuality and immunity in Asterids. Orléans University (France). 1974.
- Leclerc M. The nanobodies and its relations to IPA (Invertebrate primitive antibodies). Existence of at least 2 classes of IPA in sea star immune system. Mathews J Immunol Allergy. 2022;6(1):14.
- Delmotte F, Brillouet C, Leclerc M, et al. Purification of an antibody-like protein from the sea star Asterias rubens (L.). Eur J Immunol. 1986;16(11):1325–1330.
- Leclerc M. The sea star anti-HRP protein (IPA: production in a CHO protocol, its specificity in ELISA. Presence of CDR1 and CDR2 regions. Aspects of invertebrate primitive antibody. Mathews J Immunol Allergy. 2024;8(1):26.
©2025 Leclerc. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.