Journal of
eISSN: 2376-0060
Submit manuscript...
Short Communication Volume 12 Issue 1
Pulmonary nodules, knowledge renovation and comprehensive studies
Da-Yong Lu, Hong-Ying Wu
School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, PR China
Correspondence: Da-Yong Lu, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, PR China
Received: May 16, 2025 | Published: June 5, 2025
Citation: Da-Yong L, Hong-Ying w. Pulmonary nodules, knowledge renovation and comprehensive studies. J Lung Pulm Respir Res. 2025;12(1):18-19. DOI: 10.15406/jlprr.2025.12.00326
Abstract
Technical advance and popularity of computerized tomography discovers a lot of pulmonary nodules in many adult people. Due to new discovery, there is no well-formed therapeutics that can cover all human beings. There are many therapeutic options and debates for properly handling this phenomenon with scientific knowledge and techniques supporting. However, as a new discovered event, the therapeutic options are lagged behind and riskly to patients requiring therapies. Previously, we discussed this event theoretically and emerging technology. This article addresses this problem for future noticing and therapeutic breakthroughs.
Keywords: Pulmonary nodules, drug treatment, disease diagnosis, surgery
History
The popularity and healthcare checking of computerized tomography discovers dilemma phenomenon—wide spread of pulmonary nodules in a lot of healthy and asymptomatic adults.1 Due to new discovery, there is no well-formed therapeutics that can cover all human beings. There are many therapeutic options and debates after this discovery. The potential threat and uncertainty for human health problems by analysing progression and characteristics of pulmonary nodules and different pathogenesis in image and biomarkers is an emerging challenge welcoming new therapeutic paradigms. Knowledge exchanges and therapeutic breakthroughs (advanced diagnosis and personalized medicine) for that is needed.
Pathogenesis arguments
No good way of disease therapeutics can be made without clearly understanding its pathogenesis and pharmacology. As a first impression, cancer cannot be attributed for all patients. Surgical indication and procedure optimization should be studied and analysed for knowledge advances, patient survival increases and cost reduction.2 Several approaches should be underway for therapeutic improvements;
Major topics
- Nodule images (different features of nodule size, morphology, density, occurrence interval, growth rate and other pathological features) in further diagnostic improvements
- Patient’s condition comparisons and big Daga analysis (age, gender, financial, prognosis and co-morbidity)
- Seeking risk factors for nodular formation other than cancer growth or metastasis, like lung infection, vascular clotting and cardiovascular diseases
- Technology and surgery attempting (small scale operation, computer-aid, robots, regional or others)
- Establishment of drug evaluative architecture
- Seeking remedy from traditional medicine, like herbal medicine or acupuncture
- Immune system dysfunction or loss
- Artificial intelligence supports (help doctors to recruit patients and therapeutic selection)
Possible therapeutics
Current norm of surgical procedure cannot be the priority for many human beings. At present knowledge, many pulmonary nodules in human lung might not be all fatal. Pulmonary nodules are not associated with malignancy in 100% rates. It also needs to find and determination of the origin of nodular tumours (primary or metastasis). Respiratory system infection, blood coagulation, and many underlying diseases (cardio vasculature and overweight) might be disease origin or complication to surgery. Anticancer drugs,3 traditional medicine,4-7 viral infections8 and drug evaluative systems9 and therapeutics to different individuals may be useful.10,11 These kinds of therapeutic or surgery studies should be specified.
Future trends
The different pathogenesis pathways and approaches are associated to;
- General treatment of pulmonary nodules is seeking and reported in this topic.12-14 More pathophysiological, modern diagnosis and therapeutic studied should be facilitated and focused.
- In China, lung nodules are diagnosed as spleen-stomach qi deficiency (piweixuluo) (Chinese definition). The combination of shanyao (Chinese yam), qianshi (gorgon seeds) and shanzha (hawthom fruits) was prescribed combinedly for treating pulmonary nodules. The regulation of digestive system, mental health care or human infection (Chinese definition) is the policy of this disease diagnosis and treatments.
- Drug sensitivity testing can possibly be used for drug selection and development in the disease categorization and personalized medicine.15,16 With this procedure, drug selection optimization and selections are expected.
- Data analysis supported by artificial intelligence (AI) is the modern trend. It can select the correct patients by past treatment outcome analysis and mathematical algorithms.17,18
- Further investigation of pulmonary nodule development and treatments.19
Acknowledgments
This manuscript is a full initiative of the author and does not have any funding.
Conflicts of interest
The author states that he has no conflict of interest.
References
- Lu DY, Wu HY. Pulmonary nodules, surgery or other medication. Nursing and Care Open Access Journal. 2023;9(1):1.
- Lu DY, Wu HY. Pulmonary nodules, surgical indication and procedure optimization. 2023;2(1):1‒2.
- Lu DY, Lu TR. Antimetastatic drugs, pharmacologic challenge and opportunity. Current Drug Therapy. 2025;20(2):169‒179.
- Lu DY, Lu TR, Yarla NS, et al. Natural drug cancer treatment strategies from herbal medicine to chemical or biological drug. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry. 2020;66:91‒115.
- Lu DY, Lu TR. Herbal medicine in new era. Hospice Palliative Medicine International J. 2019;3(4):125‒130.
- Agarwal N, Majee C, Chakraborthy GS. Natural herbs as anticancer drugs. Int J PharmTech Res. 2012;4 (3):1142‒1153.
- Pattannayak S. Plants in healthcare: past, present and future. Explor Anim Med Res. 2021;11(2):140‒144.
- Lu DY, Xu B, Lu TR. Anticancer drug development, evaluative architecture. Letters in Drug Designs and Discovery. 2024;24(5):836‒846.
- Lu DY, Lu TR. COVID‒19 research, public health and biomedical basis. Current Drug Therapy. 2024;19(4):367‒375.
- Lu DY. Personalized cancer chemotherapy, an effective way for enhancing outcomes in clinics. Woodhead Publishing, Elsevier, UK.
- Lu DY, Lu TR, Che JY, et al. Individualized cancer therapy, future approaches. Current Pharmacogenomics & Personalized Medicine. 2018;16(2):156‒163.
- Isik A, Wysocki AP, Memis U, et al. Factors associated with the occurrence and healing of umbilical pilonidal sinus: A rare clinical entity. Adv Skin & Wound Care. 2022;35(8):1‒4.
- Kavousi S, Akbarialiabad H, Jalli R. The predictive association between radiological findings and lung cancer development in patients exposed to sulfur mustard gas: 4 decades follow up of 719 victims. BMC Pulmonary Medicine. 2022;22:481.
- Isik A, Soran A, Grasi A, et al. Lymphedema after sentinel lymph node biopsy: who is at risk? Lymphatic Res & Biology. 2022;20(2):160‒163.
- Lu DY, Lu TR. Drug sensitivity testing, a unique drug selection strategy. Advances in Biomarker Sciences and Technology. 2020;2:59‒66.
- Lu DY, Lu TR, Yarla NS, et al. Drug sensitivity testing for cancer therapy, key areas. Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials. 2022;17(4):291‒299.
- Carini C, Seyhan AA. Tribulations and future opportunities for artificial intelligence in precision medicine. J Translational Medicine. 2024;22:411.
- Naqa IE, Karolak A, Luo Y, et al. Translation of AI into oncology clinical practice. Oncogene. 2023;42:3089‒3097.
- Lu DY. Pulmonary nodules, is there any pathogenesis evidence? Nursing and Care Open Access J. 2023;9(1):23‒24.
©2025 Da-Yong, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.