Salivary duct carcinoma of sublingual salivary gland: a rare case report

doi:10.15406/jdhodt.2017.06.00199

Journal of

eISSN: 2373-4345

Dental Health, Oral Disorders & Therapy

Case Report Volume 6 Issue 3

Salivary duct carcinoma of sublingual salivary gland: a rare case report

Sheraz BS,¹

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Srilatha T,¹ Zohair Hussain Khan M,¹ Abdul Habeeb Bin Mohsin²

¹Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, MNR Dental College & Hospital, India
²Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, India

Correspondence: Sheraz BS, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, MNR Dental College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India

Received: January 07, 2017 | Published: February 8, 2017

Citation: Sheraz BS, Srilatha T, Khan ZHM, et al. Salivary duct carcinoma of sublingual salivary gland: a rare case report. J Dent Health Oral Disord Ther. 2017;6(3):77-78. DOI: 10.15406/jdhodt.2017.06.00199

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Abstract

The salivary duct carcinoma represents a rare variant of the group of adenocarcinomas originated from the salivary glands, especially extremely rare from sublingual salivary gland origin. We report a case of a salivary duct carcinoma of the sublingual salivary gland in a 61-year-old man. Incisional biopsy was done and the diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma of sublingual salivary gland was given by histopathological report.

Keywords: salivary duct carcinoma, sublingual salivary gland, comedocarcinoma of the breast

Introduction

Salivary duct carcinoma is a rare tumor accounting for 1% to 3% of all malignant salivary gland tumors.^1,2 Initially, a group of malignant salivary gland tumors characterized by ductal formations and central necrosis was first described by Kleinsasser et al.³ only few cases have been repoted in literature till date.

Case presentation

A 61-year-old Indian male reported to the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, with the chief complaint of a swelling in the floor of the mouth since 2 weeks. He had noticed a small, painless swelling on the floor of the mouth, which had grown to the present size. He had difficulty in mastication, swallowing and talking. No relevant medical history. Intraoral inspection revealed a solitary, well-defined, round swelling, on the floor of the mouth (approximately 1× 2 cm in size), obliterating the lingual vestibule. The surface of the swelling was ulcerated and bleeding was present. It was firm in consistency, with well-defined borders, movable and tender (Figure 1). A Clinical diagnosis of tumour in the floor of mouth was suspected. Incisional biopsy was performed and sent for histopathological section. The report revealed sublingual salivary duct carcinoma.

Figure 1 Intraoral figure showing a well-defined swelling on the floor of the mouth.

Histopathology

Laboratory investigations revealed a normal hemogram. Microscopic picture showed cribriform pattern with solid nests of round to oval tumour cells having comedo necrosis in the centre with dense fibrous stroma. Infiltrating component of diffuse invasive growth into adjacent bone and soft tissues was present. Scattered tumour cells in the fibrous stroma were also observed, a diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma was confirmed (Figure 2,3).

Figure 2 Histopathological picture 4x - It shows salivary duct carcinoma with a cribriform pattern and central necrosis.

Figure 3 Histopathological picture - 40× magnification of histopathological specimen.

Discussion

Salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland is an uncommon tumor, highly aggressive. About 200 cases have been reported in the English literature. Most of the duct carcinomas of the parotid gland have been reported in men in the age group of 38-76 years. It frequently involves the extracranial portion of the facial nerve and has a propensity to metastasize through the temporal bone via perineural spread.⁴ Gingival metastasis have also been reported.⁵ Rarely, submandibular glands and minor salivary glands are concerned. Salivary duct carcinoma may develop in some cases on the basis of pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma, but it can also occur de novo. In the present case patient was 61 years. The tumour was present in the floor of the mouth, and thereby the tumour originated from the ducts of the sublingual salivary glands. However, many authors have reported salivary duct carcinomas with morphological criteria of comedo pattern in parotid gland ducts.⁶ The present case has comedo pattern morphology arising from the duct of sublingual salivary gland. The tumour cells were arranged in solid tumour nests and frequently had comedo necrosis with fibrosis/sclerotic stroma. The infiltrating desmoplastic component had similarities to ductal breast carcinoma.⁷ The parotid duct and gland were uninvolved. No primary lesion in the breast was present not to misinterpret as metastatic deposits because of morphological resemblance to the tumour. Differential diagnosis comprises adenoid cystic carcinoma, metastasis of other adenocarcinomas, such as the carcinoma of the thyroid gland and the comedocarcinoma of the breast. Because of its poor prognosis, rapid intervention with radical therapy is recommended.

Treatment

In patients with involvement of the submandibular or minor salivary glands, tumor resection with wide margins of surrounding tissue is indicated to control local disease.⁸ The effects of adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy cannot be evaluated with certainty but many authors suppose that the aggressiveness of this tumor justifies adjuvant measures. Postoperative radiation therapy is indicated in case of extraparotid extension, pathological resection margins, cervical lymph node metastasis, lymphatic embolus, and/or neurologic invasion. Chemotherapy is generally reserved for metastatic forms of the disease.