Technological advances in science and today's rapidly changing healthcare environment, driven by demographic change and high economic pressures on healthcare systems, requiring disease diagnoses with high accuracy and specificity in a short period of time, implies that Magnetic Resonance Imaging must adapt to these challenges, as well as updating new approaches, This means that the Magnetic Resonance Imaging technique must adapt to these challenges, as well as the updating of new approaches, updated on Physical Principles, Human Anatomy and Radiological Semiology, in the theoretical-practical skills in the performance of technologists, related to the procedure of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging technique, which demands the need to scientifically validate a proposal for the training of the health technologist in Magnetic Resonance Imaging in its technological procedure.

Objective: The objective of the present work is to scientifically validate a proposal for the training of the technologist in the technological procedure in Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Health Sciences.

Methods: Methods of the theoretical level such as the synthetic analytical, of the empirical level the observation and of the mathematical statistical level the statistical analysis of the methods used, the Expert criterion, with the Delphi method were applied.

These methods made it possible to propose the needs of the Technologist in the technological procedure for his training in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The proposal was scientifically assessed by experts by means of the Delphi method and was applied to the technologists of the Provincial Hospital of Cienfuegos, Cuba.

Results: The scientific validation is evidenced, through the Delhi Method and Expert Criteria, of the proposal for the training of the Technologist in the technological procedure in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, for medical health. The updating of the contents on the Physical Principles, Human Anatomy and signs of Radiological Semiology, through theoretical and practical workshops in the workplace, stands out.

Conclusions: The proposal was validated as very adequate by the experts and its application in the context of Secondary Health Care demonstrated its relevance. It is considered that in the training of the Technologist, the technological procedure for Magnetic Resonance Imaging requires the updating of Physical Principles, Human Anatomy and signs of Radiological Semiology.

Keywords: technological proceeding, magnetic resonance imaging, technologist training, delphi method

The knowledge system of Magnetic Resonance Imaging technique is reflected in the proper movement of Imaging as a science of medical imaging that deals with all normal and abnormal images, structures, tissues and internal organs.¹

The technique of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: is based on the ability of some nuclei to absorb radiofrequency waves, when subjected to the effect of a magnetic field.² Among the gaps to be solved in the training of the technologist for the technological procedure, there are updating needs related to the technique of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, such as Physical Principles, Human Anatomy and signs of Radiological Semiology.

The Magnetic Resonance Imaging technique constitutes a body of knowledge and skills aimed at satisfying the scientific needs of this professional's training. It is nourished by essential contents, provided by particular sciences such as Physics, Human Anatomy, Radiological Semiology and in general by the Medical Sciences; all these contents are approached in an integrated and/or coordinated manner.

The articulation of the logic of the theoretical-practical process in the formation of the technologists' technological procedure requires training in: the technique of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the contents of the Physical Principles, Human Anatomy and signs of Radiological Semiology. Mastery of these contents is required. Assuming this position, it is possible that Imaging and Medical Radio Physics need to assimilate knowledge, skills and values "to teach these contents from a precept: from the logic of science and social practice.³

It is agreed that nowadays it is known with certainty that, in the organized preparation for professionals, priority is given to the contents of the particular science they practice, it is considered that along with the knowledge of the science they need, they must be prepared in professional practice to master the practical skills of the profesión.⁴

The training of technologists is conceived as a process of transmission of the knowledge of their specialty and the implication of this knowledge in their performance, in addition to using personal experiences and their scientific-technical updating in the area of the profession in which they work. This approach leaves its mark in the selection and prioritization of knowledge, in the way professional problems are handled and in the orientation of contents towards practice.⁵

In references, they allude to offers and spaces for training in research, management, pedagogy and knowledge management. They recommend different modalities that focus their content on particular branches within the different branches of knowledge.⁶

In the Medical Sciences, as in other areas of knowledge, it is common to implement proposals that promote learning content related to the appropriate use of information and communications technology, information literacy, knowledge management and distance learning models.⁷

In this sense, in the current context it is evident in the training of imaging technologists that there are gaps in the training of the technique in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, therefore, it is necessary to update the contents in:

1. Physical Principles (examination sequences, radiological protection, as well as establishing a correlation between the physics of magnetic resonance as an expression in human anatomy and radiological semiology).
2. Human Anatomy (anatomy of organ systems, applied to MRI physics).
3. Content such as signs of Radiological Semiology (comparison of normal images with pathological images of organ systems, according to the sequences and physical principles of this diagnostic technique).
4. These contents constitute a need to be resolved in the training of Medical Imaging and Radiophysics technologists.

This implies, therefore, a change of conception about the importance and transcendence of education at work, which facilitates the development of attitudes committed to the contents of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging technique from each of the contents of Introduction to Technology and Comprehensive Training in Imaging. In the process, it is essential that the thematic nuclei proposed are approached in an integrated manner, where the fundamental scenarios of their execution are in health institutions.

The training conditions of the contents of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in current professional practice should be aimed at achieving mastery of the theoretical and procedural knowledge of how to work with an integrated approach. To be able to appropriate the conceptual, procedural and attitudinal contents in the model demanded by the social conditions of health. The actuality of these contents, through theoretical and practical training as a way of professional preparation will favor an integral performance.

Analytical-synthetic: To analyze the existing literature on the technological procedure of the technique in Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the technologist of Health Sciences.

Observation is to assess the skills of the technological procedure for the Magnetic Resonance Technique in the technologist.

Expert Criteria (Delphi Method). The method used to validate the proposal for the training of the Technologist in the technological procedure of the Magnetic Resonance Technique, through the application of surveys. For the selection of the experts, the coefficients of knowledge Kc and argumentation Ka of the experts were taken, selecting 16 of them from the Health System. The competence coefficient K = ½ (Kc + Ka)^8,9 was calculated. Scale for the selection of the experts, according to the coefficient K is taken as:

 high competence if K > 0.8

 medium competence if 0.5 < K ≤0.8

 low competence if K ≤0.5

The average value of K for the 16 experts was: average K = 0.85 with average values Kc = 0.9 and Ka = 0.8. The Delphi method is applied by means of a survey to the selected experts for their evaluation of the criteria previously elaborated in the evaluation categories according to the Likert scale (1. Inadequate, 2. Poorly Adequate, 3. Adequate, 4. Fairly Adequate and 5. Very Adequate), in this way the 36 aspects or criteria are evaluated by the experts.

The objective of the present work is to scientifically validate a proposal for the training of the health technologist in Magnetic Resonance Imaging in its technological procedure.

Steps to be followed

The statistical steps to be followed by the Delphi method are as follows:^9,10

1. Calculation of the table of observed frequencies
2. Calculation of accumulated frequency table
3. Calculation of the relative cumulative frequency table
4. Calculation of accumulated inverse normal inverse frequency table,
5. Calculation of the average by aspects.
6. Calculation of the N-P value for each aspect.
7. Calculation of the Numerical Ray or cut-off points for the location of each aspect
8. According to the experts' criteria.
9. Calculation of Kendall's W Coefficient to obtain the experts' agreement on the results (Table 1 & 2, Figure 1).

Figure 1 Numerical ray or cut-off points./p>

The 36 aspects have been well evaluated by the experts falling in the following ranges: Fairly Adequate = 4 aspects, Very Adequate = 32 aspects. So the Delphi result gives that all aspects are validated very positively by the 16 experts.

Kendall´s W test

Table 3.

Kendall´s coeficient of concordance

Table 4.

Kendall's coefficient confirms the experts' agreement with the results of the Delphi method

Table 5.

This research considers central elements for a proposal for the training of the health technologist in: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Physical principles, Human Anatomy, Semiology and Imaging, aspects to be taken into account in the whole process.

The result of the validation of the Strategy for the training of the Technologist in technological procedure is presented, with the updating of theoretical and practical knowledge in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, in the contents of the Physical principles, Human Anatomy and Semiology and Imaging, the same was carried out by means of the Delphi Technique and the Expert criteria method.

It was demonstrated that the proposed strategy is pertinent given the results of the Numerical Ray which shows that the experts consulted coincide with the criteria of: Very adequate and Fairly adequate with the activities planned in the stages of the strategy consulted. The concordance of the experts was corroborated by the calculation of Kendall's W coefficient. The strategy to improve the training of these health professionals is presented, and its contribution to the better performance of the technologists in their technological procedures in Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

None.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

None.

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